An EMV liability shift is a policy change that affects who is liable for certain types of credit card fraud. Before the EMV liability shift, if a customer used a fraudulent credit card to make a purchase, the merchant would be held liable for the charges. However, under the EMV liability shift, if a merchant does not have an EMV-enabled terminal and a customer uses a counterfeit credit card to make a purchase, the merchant may be held liable for any resulting fraud. This policy change was put into place to incentivize merchants to upgrade their terminals to support EMV chip cards, which are much more difficult to counterfeit than traditional magnetic stripe cards.
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